Unit testing in Kotlin involves verifying the correctness of individual components, such as functions and classes, to ensure they work as expected. This process helps detect bugs early and improves code maintainability.
Common Kotlin testing frameworks include JUnit, Kotest, and for mocking, MockK is widely used.
For Gradle projects, add the following dependencies to build.gradle.kts:
dependencies {
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.8.1")
testImplementation("io.kotest:kotest-runner-junit5:5.0.0")
testImplementation("io.mockk:mockk:1.12.0")
}
Example of a basic unit test using JUnit 5:
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
class CalculatorTest {
@Test
fun testAddition() {
val calculator = Calculator()
assertEquals(5, calculator.add(2, 3))
}
}
3.Running Tests in IntelliJ IDEA or Android Studio
IntelliJ IDEA: Right-click the test file → Run 'CalculatorTest'.
Android Studio: Use the built-in test runner.
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